How this conversion works
256 is 100 in hex: the first value that needs a third hex digit, because a byte tops out at 255. It is the count of distinct values one byte can represent.
Each base just uses a different set of digits for the same quantity. Reading
256 as a decimal number gives the decimal value
256; expressing that same value in base two, eight or sixteen
produces the rows above. To convert any number between bases — including custom bases from 2
to 36 — use the number base converter.